History of Nguyen Dynasty in Vietnam (1802 - 1945)


Nguyen Dynasty is last ruling family of Vietnam. The House of Nguyen seized their power for total 143 years (1802 – 1945). Gia Long and Minh Mang are the first kings who built a healthy state. The Nguyen cleared land for cultivation and pay attention to improve irrigation. They also sent merchant ships to trade with European countries and South East Asia.


The Nguyen Kings ordered to write and print books on National history and geography that had great impact on the National culture. Confucianism was basis of the Nguyen Dynasty’s conservative’s idealogy. The Nguyen Dynasty imposed a closed door policy. During Nguyen Dynasty there had been 13 kings who ruled the country during 143 years.


During the presence of French in Vietnam (1858 – 1954), It was marked by increasing influence of French colonialism, and the country was divided into 3 parts Cochinchina, Annam, and Tonkin. The last, 13th King, was Bao Dai who then moved to live in France and pass away there.


The capital of Vietnam (1802 – 1945) during Nguyen Dynasty was in Hue city, about 700 km from Hanoi or 1,200 km from Ho Chi Minh City. Hue citadel and other old constructions were listed as a world heritage site in 1993 by UNESCO. Nowadays, Hue becomes a hot tourist attraction in central part Vietnam.  



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